Sun. Mar. 16, 2025 4:30p.m.

Terrace Theater
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Runtime
Approx. 70 minutes
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Heather LeDoux Green, violin
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Daniel Foster, viola
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David Hardy, cello
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Lambert Orkis, piano
- Johannes Brahms
(1833–1897) - Viola Sonata No.1 in F minor, Op. 120, No. 1 (24’)
- i. Allegro appassionato
- ii. Andante un poco adagio
- iii. Allegretto grazioso
Cello Sonata No. 1 in E minor, Op. 38 (25’)- i. Allegro non troppo
- ii. Allegretto quasi Menuetto
- iii. Allegro
Violin Sonata No. 3 in D minor, Op. 108 (21’)- i. Allegro
- ii. Adagio
- iii. Un poco presto e con sentimento
- iv. Presto agitato
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Program Notes
©2025 Dr. Richard E. Rodda
Viola Sonata in F minor, Op. 120, No. 1
Among Brahms’ close friends and musical colleagues during his later years was the celebrated pianist and conductor Hans von Bülow, who played Brahms’ music widely and made it a mainstay in the repertory of the superb court orchestra at Meiningen during his tenure there as music director from 1880 to 1885. Soon after arriving at Meiningen, Bülow invited Brahms to be received by the music-loving Duke Georg and his consort, Baroness von Heldburg, and the composer was provided with a fine apartment and encouraged to visit the court whenever he wished. (The only obligation upon the comfort-loving composer was to don the much-despised full dress for dinner.) At a concert in March 1891, he heard a performance of Weber’s F minor Clarinet Concerto by the orchestra’s principal player of that instrument, Richard Mühlfeld, and he was overwhelmed. So strong was the impact of the experience that Brahms was shaken out of a year-long creative lethargy, and the Trio for Clarinet, Cello, and Piano and Quintet for Clarinet and Strings were composed for Mühlfeld without difficulty between May and July 1891.
Cello Sonata No. 1 in E minor, Op. 38
One of Brahms’ first important contacts in Vienna after settling permanently in the city in 1863 was Dr. Josef Gänsbacher, a teacher of singing at the Conservatory and an administrator of the Singakademie, through whose influence he was appointed director of that organization. Gänsbacher was also an accomplished cellist, and it was for him that Brahms undertook his Cello Sonata in E minor in 1862. Three movements were written for the work in that year, but the Adagio was jettisoned even before Gänsbacher had seen it; it was not until three years later that Brahms returned to the Sonata and provided it with what now stands as its finale. (The original Adagio may have been reworked as the slow movement of the F major Cello Sonata of 1886.) After the work was finished, Gänsbacher was eager to try it out, but as he read through the piece with Brahms he complained that he was being drowned out by the richly voiced piano part. “I can’t even hear myself,” he protested. “You’re lucky,” the curmudgeonly Brahms bellowed back. When the Sonata was published in 1866, it was the first of Brahms’ duo sonatas that he made public, though there are known to have been earlier attempts that the secretive composer destroyed without a trace.
Violin Sonata No. 3 in D minor, Op. 108
For many years, Brahms followed the sensible practice of the Viennese gentry by abandoning the city when the weather got hot. He spent many happy summers in the hills and lakes of the Salzkammergut, east of Salzburg, but in 1886 his friend Joseph Widmann, a poet and librettist of considerable distinction, convinced Brahms to join him in the ancient Swiss town of Thun, 25 kilometers south of Bern in the foothills of the Bernese Alps. Brahms rented a flower-laden villa on the shore of Lake Thun in the nearby hamlet of Hofstetten, and settled in for a long, comfortable summer. The periods away from Vienna were not just times of relaxation for Brahms, however, but were working holidays, and the three summers he spent at Thun (1886–1888) were especially productive: the Violin Sonatas Nos. 2 and 3, C minor Piano Trio, Second Cello Sonata, Gypsy Songs, Choral Songs (Op. 104), Lieder of Op. 105-107 and Double Concerto were all written there. Brahms began the Third Violin Sonata, Op. 108, at Hofstetten during the summer of 1886, but composed most of the score during his sojourn two years later. The Sonata’s premiere was given on December 22, 1888 in Cologne by the composer and the celebrated Hungarian violinist, composer and pedagogue Jenö Hubay.
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